Queen Juliana of the Netherlands
Biography
Juliana was the Queen of the Netherlands from 1948 to 1980.
She was the daughter of Queen Wilhelmina and Prince Hendrik of the Netherlands. Because Wilhelmina did not want her only child to be too isolated, she allowed her to be educated at a class in the palace with a few other girls. An abbreviated study at the University of Leiden was meant to prepare Juliana for a possible succession to the throne as of her eighteenth birthday.
Juliana's marriage to the fashionable Bernhard von Lippe-Biesterfeld in 1937 resulted in four daughters, starting in 1938: Beatrix, Irene, Margriet, and Christina. After the German invasion, Juliana fled to Canada with her children. Prince Bernhard stayed in London with Queen Wilhelmina.
After two previous exercises as Regent, Juliana was inaugurated in 1948 as Queen of the Netherlands. She was less concerned with authority and formal presentation, and was therefore closer to the people than her predecessors. Juliana became a popular Queen, who displayed a great deal of interest in and attention to social issues.
Her overly close contact with the faith healer Greet Hofmans, who was taken on by Prince Bernhard, resulted in a marital crisis with potentially far-reaching consequences. Juliana began expressing pacifist ideas that did not jibe with the policy of the Dutch government regarding the Cold War. Prince Bernhard would also later become discredited as a result of taking bribes in the Lockheed affair.
The turbulence surrounding this case was partially responsible for Juliana’s abdication in 1980 in favour of Beatrix.
Due to her increasing loss of memory, Juliana did not appear any more in public during the final years of her life.
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